Frequently Asked Questions About Gynecology

Gynecology is an important subspecialty of primary care that should be part of every woman’s routine health care from puberty through menopause. Doctors who specialize in this field of medicine are called gynecologists, and while they do not replace your primary care physician, a gynecologist plays an integral role in managing your reproductive and sexual health.

To educate our patients about the field of gynecology and the services we provide, we asked our team of women’s health specialists in Hampton, Newport News, White Marsh and Williamsburg, VA, to answer some of the most frequently asked questions about this specialized form of primary care.

What is gynecology?

Gynecology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the health, routine care, and diseases of the female reproductive system. Care spans from puberty through menopause and covers the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, cervix, breasts, and sex hormones.

A doctor who specializes in the female reproductive system is called a gynecologist. If the practitioner also focuses on pregnancy, they may be called an OB/GYN, which combines obstetrics and gynecology.

What is the difference between obstetrics and gynecology?

Gynecology focuses on general female reproductive health, routine wellness exams, and treating non-pregnancy-related conditions of the reproductive organs. Obstetrics focuses specifically on pregnancy, labor, childbirth, and postpartum care. Not all gynecologists are obstetricians, though most general practitioners in this field train and practice in both areas.

What services do gynecologists provide?

A gynecologist manages all aspects of women’s sexual health, including preventive care and physical exams. They also diagnose and treat issues with the female reproductive organs. Some of the services gynecologists provide include:

  • Physical exams, such as breast, pelvic, and external genital exams
  • Cancer screenings and vaccines
  • Guidance on sexual health and family planning, including birth control
  • Menstrual care
  • Menopause support
  • Fertility care
  • Testing and treatment for vaginal infections and sexually transmitted diseases (STIs)
  • Treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs) and incontinence
  • Diagnosis and treatment of other gynecological conditions
What types of tests do gynecologists perform?

Gynecologists perform routine physical exams, cancer screenings, and laboratory tests to check the health of your reproductive system. Tests may include the following:

  • Breast exam
  • Pelvic exam
  • Pap Smear
  • Vaginal swab
  • HPV test
  • STI test
  • Pelvic ultrasound
  • Blood tests
When should you see a gynecologist?

Most health experts recommend seeing a gynecologist for the first time between ages 13 and 15. However, anyone with female reproductive organs should see a gynecologist once a year for routine wellness care and preventative health screenings, as well as to discuss birth control, fertility, or any other reproductive health concerns.

You should also schedule a visit with your gynecologist if you are experiencing any of the following symptoms.

  • Menstrual problems, such as painful cramps, heavy bleeding, or missed periods
  • Discomfort during sex or unusual pelvic pain
  • Lumps, unusual sores, or skin changes in the pubic or breast area
  • Unusual vaginal discharge, itching or sudden changes in odor
  • Trouble getting pregnant
  • Early signs of menopause
What are some common topics and questions to discuss with your gynecologist?

Your annual exam is an opportunity to ask questions and discuss any reproductive health concerns that you may have. Common topics include the following:

  • Menstrual cycle
  • Sexual health
  • Contraception
  • Fertility and pregnancy prep
  • Perimenopause and menopause support

Find a Gynecologist in Hampton Roads, VA

Gynecological care is very important for maintaining overall health, preventing disease, and catching medical issues early. Even when you feel healthy, an annual well-woman exam ensures your health is tracked consistently over time.

For your convenience, TPMG has obstetrics and gynecology locations throughout Hampton Roads, VA. To schedule an appointment with a member of our women’s health team, contact our offices directly.